Starch is a carbohydrate which is used as energy storage by plants. It exists in two forms- amylopectin and amylose. Amylose has linear structure or straight chain. Amylopectin has a branched structure. Round peas contain more amylopectin and wrinkled peas contain more amylose. Wrinkled phenotype is because of the absence of a Starch branching enzyme […]
Translation is the process of synthesis of protein. It converts language of nucleic acid to the language of protein language. It is divided into three phases: initiation, elongation and termination. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is produced from the transcription. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is known as the interpreter. It interprets mRNA genetic information into amino acid. It […]
Introduction: Muscles ache after exercise because of the production of lactic acid. When you exercise, the muscles contract and produces lactic acid. Muscles usually produce energy by using oxygen which means aerobically. When you exercise body need more oxygen but sufficient oxygen is not available and thus muscles produce energy anaerobically. Lactic acid is the […]
Endosymbiont theory: The endosymbiont hypothesis states the origin of eukaryotic cells mainly evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts. It supports evidence from mitochondria and chloroplasts and states that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic relationships between prokaryotic cells that have different metabolic activities. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts organelles have 70Sribosomes as in prokaryotic cells, they multiply and […]