Basic information about DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes
The production of a human life is a great mystery which everybody wants to explore. The medical science has unveiled a lot from that process but still much need to be discovered. Some basic elements of that process are DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes. In a basic language, it can be said that DNA is in gene and the genes are on chromosomes. But, to comprehend the enigma of the creation of life, one needs to study about DNA, genes and chromosomes relationship
DNA
Also known as deoxyribonucleic acid is a hereditary substance in humans and every kind of organisms. Almost all the cells in the body of a person contain similar DNA. DNA is found in the cell nucleus and also in mitochondria and chloroplast. Chloroplast is present only in plants. The data in DNA is maintained as a code created by four chemical bases such as thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine. Human DNA comprises of around 3 billion bases, where more than 99 percent of those bases are similar in all individuals. The succession of these bases decides the data accessible for building and keeping up an organism.
Genes
A gene is the section of DNA and is the unit of heredity. Therefore, they are comprised of DNA and asct as guidelines to make molecules known as proteins. In people, genes distinguish in sizes from a hundred DNA bases to more than a couple of 2 million bases. It is evaluated that people acquire around 20,000 to 25,000 genes.
Each individual possesses two copies of each gene, one received from each parent. Alleles are types of a similar gene with little contrasts in their arrangement of DNA bases and these little contrasts are responsible for different physical characteristics among individuals.
Chromosomes
It is a threadlike piece of the cell that conveys hereditary data in the form of genes. Every chromosome is comprised of DNA firmly coiled multiple times around proteins known as his tones that help its structure. Chromosomes can’t be seen in the cell’s core, not even under a magnifying instrument, till the cells are not separating.
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